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Finnish forest management practice recommendations
Promoting good management practice in forestryForests are managed and used sustainablyCommercial forests are managed with due considerations for natural conditionsBiodiversity, protection of watercourses and multiple-use are ensuredRegeneration maturity is determined using the mean diameter measureForests are regenerated quickly and successfullySilvicultural works ensure a high quality growing stockModels indicate the timing and intensity of thinningsHarvesting energy wood supports the production of industrial woodPeat-based forests and boreal forestry pose challenges
Finnish forests
Forests are regenerated quickly and successfully
The aim is to establish a new generation of trees on the regeneration site as soon as possible, and for these trees to be composed of a one or more species possessing the best chances of flourishing on the site.The most commercially valuable tree species in Finland are Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Silver birch (Betula pendula), with Pubescent birch (Betula pubescens) on some peat soils. Other commercially valuable species include Aspen (Populus tremula), Black alder (Alnus glutinosa), Oak (Quercus robur), and Siberian larch (Larix sibirica). A common objective is to have a slight mixture of broadleaved trees in stands of conifers.
The general practice is to prepare the soil in connection with forest regeneration, i.e. various mounding or scarification techniques are employed. Soil preparation improves the chances of a successful regeneration. It improves the soil’s permeability to water and its porosity. The preparation method employed depends on the soil type, regeneration method, and possible need for draining excess water from the site.
Scots pine is regenerated mainly by seeding. The resultant seedling stands require 4,000–5,000 seedlings per hectare to ensure the growth of high-quality saw timber. Norway spruce is usually regenerated by planting 1,800 plants per hectare.
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